Fluorocarbon fluoroalkanesulfonates



United States Patent 0 3,419,595 FLUOROCARBON FLUOROALKANESULFONATES Robert L. Hansen, Roseville, Minn., assignor to Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minn., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing. Filed Mar. 5, 1965, Ser. No. 437,573 3 Claims. (Cl. 260-456) ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE Highly fluorinated sulfonate esters of highly fiuorinated carbinols are provided which are very useful for substitution of the highly fiuorinated carbinol groups on nucleophile. Exemplary of such compounds are 1,1-dihydroperfluoroalkyl perfluoroalkanesulfonates.

This invention relates to a new class of useful organic compounds, to processes using the said compounds and to compositions obtained by the processes.

The introduction of 1,1-dihydroperfiuoroalkyl groups and the omega-hydro and omega-chloro derivatives thereof into organic structures and indeed even the formation of such simple derivatives as the iodides thereof by nucleophilic displacement has been found to be relatively difficult. In these reactions a compound R CH X, in which X is a group such as chloride, bromide, iodide, or p-toluenesulfonate, sometimes termed a leaving group, reacts with a nucleophilic organic compound, e.g., amine, alcohol, mercaptan, phenol, etc., the residue of which replaces the X group. For example, W. V. Cohen, Journal Organic Chemistry, vol. 26, pages 4021 et seq. (1961), and papers there cited, show that those reactions which have been examined tend to proceed relatively slowly, in poor, or at best, mediocre yields. Inasmuch as highly fluorinated intermediates are relatively expensive as compared to the corresponding nonfluorinated intermediates, the difficulty of these reactions, requiring elevated temperatures and prolonged reactions, has heretofore made many classes of materials susbtantially unavailable.

It is one object of this invention to provide intermediates for the introduction of 1,1-dihydroperfluoroalkyl groups into organic compounds.

It is a further object of this invention to provide 1,1- dihydroperfiuoroalkyl ethers of phenols.

It is another object of this invention to provide intermediates for the introduction of 1,1-w-trihydroperfluoroalkyl groups into organic compounds.

It is yet another object of this invention to provide 1,1- dihydroperfiuoroalkane phosphonic acid esters.

Other objects will become evident from the disclosure herein.

In accordance with the above and other objects of the invention it has been found that esters of the structure wherein m is an integer from 1 to 2, R, is hy-perfluorinated alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, Q is an m-valent group free from hydrogen on valence carbon atoms and comprising at least about 40 percent by weight of fluorine and ml is an integer from 1 to 2 are stable to simple hydrolysis so 3,419,595 Patented Dec. 31, 1968 that they can be handled without special precautions and are powerful alkylating agents for reaction with nucleophiles of nucleophilic constant greater than 1. In all cases yields as alkylating agents are very good to excellent, often above 90 mole percent.

The concept of a nucleophilic constant n and electrophilic constant e was developed by C. G. Swain and C. B. Scott in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 75, page 141 et seq. (1953), for a given nucleophilic reaction and standard nucleophilic reaction (e.g., the comparable reaction in which water is the nucleophile having respective reaction rate constants k and k and sensitivities of S and S to the nucleophilicity and electrophilicity of the medium respectively. The relationships are given by: log k/k =S,,+S' Reactions of the sulfonates of the invention are nucleophilic processes.

Suitable nucleophiles having nucleophilic constants above 1 include, for example,

(a) Monovalent inorganic anions such as SCN, Cl, Br

and I, and the like as well as (b) Anions of such aliphatic alcohols of l to 20 carbon atoms as: methanol, ethanol, decyl alcohol, isobutyl a1- cohol, dibutyl carbinol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosyl alcohol, and the like;

(c) Anions of such aromatic hydroxy compounds of 6 to 20 carbon atoms as: phenol, o-allyl phenol, p-nitrophenol, a-naphthol, S-decyl-l-naphthol, p-cyclohexylphenol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenylsulfone, dehydro-fl-naphthol and the like;

(d) Anions of such aliphatic mercaptans of 1 to 20 carbon atoms as: methanethiol, butanethiol, eicosyl mercaptan, decyl mercaptan and the like;

(e) Anions of such aromatic thiols of 6 to 20 carbon atoms as: thiophenol, p-tetradecylthiophenol, p phenoxythiophenol and the like;

(f) Aliphatic primary, secondary and tertiary amines of 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as: methylamine, allylamine, stearylamine, N-ethylstearyl-amine, N,N-dimethylstearylamine, tributylam-ine, dicyclohexylamine, and the like;

(g) Aromatic and mixed aralkyl amines of 6 to 20 carbon atoms, such as: aniline, p-toluidine, 4,4-diaminodiphenylsulfone, benzylamine, 2-phenylethylamine, diphenylamine, n-decyl-u-naphthylamine and the like;

(h) Heterocyclic amines of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, such as: morpholine, pyridine, ethylenimine, piperazine, pyrrolidine, imidazole, pyrazine, and the like;

(i) Anions of such aliphatic and alicyclic sulfides of 2 to 12 carbon atoms as: dimethylsulfide, diallylsulfide, methyl stearyl sulfide, tetrahydrothiophene and the like;

(j) Thiourea;

(k) Anions of active hydrogen compounds of 2 to 20 carbon atoms, such as: acetylene, cyclohexyl acetylene, phenyl acetylene, octadecyl acetylene, diethyl malonate, diethyl ethylmalonate, 3-methyl acetylacetone, acetoacetic ester, cyclopentadiene, phenyl cyclopentyl sulfone, thiolacetic acid, thiolbenzoic acid and the like;

(I) Anions of orthophosphorous acid bis-esters of alcohols and phenols of 1 to 8 carbon atoms such as: dimethyl phosphite, diethyl phosphite, dibutyl phosphite, dioctyl phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, dicresyl ph-osphite and the like.

The term hyperfluorinated alkyl is employed to designate acyclic and cyclic alkyl groups containing at least 2 fluorine atoms and not more than 1 hydrogen atom and containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms. The sulfonyl fluorides and chlorides useful in preparing esters of the invention are thus of the formula R SO F and R SO Cl, respectively. In particular it is preferred to employ hyperfluorinated alkanesulfonyl fluorides and chlorides of the group in which R is a member of the group consisting of perfluoralkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, perfluorocycloalkyl of 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and 2-hydroperfluoroalkyl of 2 to 7 carbon atoms. The acid fluorides and chlorides of the perfluorinated acids are available as described in US. Patent No. 2,732,398 and the chlorides of the 2- hydroperfluorinated acids are described by Coflman and Raasch, Journal of Organic Chemistry, volume 14, page 747 et seq. (1949).

The highly fluorinated alkyl group in which Q comprises at least about 40 percent of fluorine are preferably selected from the group consisting of:

(a) Perfluoroalkyl of 1 to 17 carbon atoms,

(b) Perfluorocycloalkyl of 4 to 11 carbon atoms,

(c) Omega-hydroperfluoroalkyl of an even number carbon atoms from 2 to 18,

(d) Z-hydroperfluoroalkyl of 3 to 11 carbon atoms,

(e) Chloro-difluoromethyl,

(f) 3-oxa-perfluoroalkyl of 3 to 6 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom,

(g) Perfluoro-oxa-cycloalkyl of 4 to 6 carbon atoms,

(h) Perfiuoroalkylene of 1 to 10 carbon atoms,

(i) Perfluorocycloalkylene of 6 to 12 carbon atoms.

In general, the 1,1-dihydro highly fluorinated alcohols or carbinols of the formula Q(CH OH) employed as reactants are obtained by reduction of the carboxylic acid with lithium aluminum hydride or by catalytic hydrogenation over a copper-chromium oxide catalyst as described in US. Patent No. 2,666,797. Suitable trihydroperfluoroalkanols are available by the free radical addition of methanol to perfluoroolefins, e.g., CF CF=CF C F CF=CF as described by La Zerte and Koshar in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, volume 77, page 910 et seq. (1955), or by free radical telomerization of tetrafluoroethylene with methanol as described by Joyce in US. Patent No. 2,559,628.

The perfiuoroalkanesulfonate esters of the invention are prepared from the sulfonyl fluorides or chlorides and carbinol in the presence of an acid acceptor, preferably employing triethylamine or other comparably strong tertiary amine as a base. The use of pyridine tends to lead to extensive quaternization and is generally unsatisfactory. The perfluoroalkane sulfonyl fluorides are readily available by the electrochemical fluorination of the alkanesulfonyl fluorides or chlorides as described in US. Patent No. 2,732,398. It is generally preferred to use perfluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride because the stoichiometry is most economical, that is, the cost per mole is lower, but higher sulfonyl fluorides are otherwise equally satisfactory.

The invention is now more fully described by examples showing the best mode presently contemplated of practicing the invention. In these examples, parts are by weight and temperatures are in degrees Centigrade unless otherwise indicated.

Example 1 In a tared vessel fitted for mechanical agitation a total of 84.5 parts (0.555 mole) of trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride (B.P. 26 C.) is condensed at about 75 C. To the vessel are added 100 parts by volume of methylene chloride and the equipment is then modified by replacing the gas inlet assembly by a dropping funnel. A mixture of 55.5 parts (0.555 mole) of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and 56 parts (0.555 mole) of triethylamine is then added gradually over about 20 minutes while maintaining the temperature of the reaction mixture at about 40" to 30 C. The reaction mixture is warmed to 0 and the clear solution is washed successively (in parts by volume) with parts of 5 percent aqueous hydrochloric acid, 100 parts of 5 percent aqueous sodium hydroxide and twice with 50 parts of water. The solution is dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, filtered and concentrated and finally fractionally distilled to give 95.5 parts of 2,2,2- trifluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate boiling at about 89 to 91 C. at 740 mm. of Hg pressure, n =1.3O37.

Analysis.Calculated for C H F O S: 15.5% C; 49.1% F; saponiflcation equivalent: 232. Found: 15.6% C; 49.4% F; saponification equivalent: 232.

This will be seen to agree with the physical constants reported for this material subsequent to my invention thereof by Burdon and McLoughlin, Tetrahedron, vol. 21, pages l-4 (1965).

By a similar procedure employing 245 parts of trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride in 121 parts by volume of methylene chloride and adding 271 parts of 1,1-dihydroperfluorobutanol and 150 parts of triethylamine over about 1 hour followed by separation and work up as above, 1,1-dihydroperfluorobuty1 trifluoromethanesulfonate is obtained as a clear colorless liquid boiling at 118 to 120 C. at 732 mm. of Hg pressure, n =l.302O.

An.alysis.Calculated for C H F O S: 18.2% 50.4% F. Found: 18.3% C; 50.5% F.

Other esters of the invention prepared by the above procedure include the following:

Boiling point, Compound C./mm. Hg 774,

press.

C F 5 O 0 C HzC FzC F 102-5/740 1. 3012 CF SO2OCH2(CF )GCF3 74-5/5 1.3098 CF SO2O CH2CF2CFzH 122-5/737 1. 3203 CF SOzO CH2(CF2)4H 69-72/21 1. 3191 CFaSOzO CH2(CF H 117-9/20 1. 3200 C F3SO2O CH2C6F11 73-6/20 1. 3253 (CF3SO20CHzCF2)2CF2 768/20 1. 4252 CF3SO2O CIIz(CF )2O CF; 120-3/740 1. 3070 ('3F2CF2 CF; CF CF2CH2OSO2CF3 65-6/22 1.3167

Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 is repeated, except that the sulfonyl fluoride is measured and added as a liquid without the necessity of condensation, using 13.5 parts of perfluoroethanesulfonyl fluoride in 30 parts by volume of methylene chloride at 80 and adding a mixture of 8 parts of 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol and triethylamine in 20 parts by volume of methylene chloride during about 10 minutes. The work-up and isolation procedure is as described in Example 1. 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl perfluoroethanesulfonate is obtained as a colorless liquid boiling at -6 C. at 740 mm. of Hg pressure, n =1.2038.

Analysis.Calculated for C H F O S: 17.0% C; 53.9% F. Found: 16.8% C; 54.6% F.

By a similar procedure 1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl perfluorobutanesulfonate is obtained from the corresponding alcohol and sulfonyl fluoride.

Example 3 This example particularly illustrates the procedure empolyed for higher alcohols and sulfonyl fluorides.

To a mixture of 25.1 parts of perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride in 25 parts by volume of triethylamine in a suitable vessel protected from access of moisture are added 10 parts of 1,1dihydroperfluorobutanol. The reaction mixture is stirred under reflux for four hours and poured into a mixture of about 25 parts of concentrated hydrochloric acid and 100 parts of ice. The product is extracted with diethylether and the ethereal solution is washed with water and dried. Evaporation of the ether provides crude 1,1-dihydroperflnorobutyl perfluorooctanesulfonate which is distilled. B.P. 225-7 at 740 mm. of Hg pressure. This ester solidifies slowly and is recrystallized from petroleum ether (B.P. 30 to 60 C.) and then melts at about 59 to 62 C.

Analysis.Calculated for C H F O S: 21.1% C; 66.9% F. Found: 20.9% C; 66.3% F.

Example 4 This example particularly illustrates the preparation of an ester of the invention employing a 1,1-w-trihydroperfluoroalkanol.

In a suitable vessel provided with mechanical agitation, thermometer, gas inlet and reflux condenser (cooled to about 75 C.) are placed 332 parts of 1,1,7-trihydroperfluoroheptanol, 120 parts of triethylamine and 500 parts by volume of methylene chloride. The mixture is maintained at about to 20 and trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride is passed in rapidly over 1 hour until it no longer reacts as evidenced by persistent refluxing thereof when flow of acid fluoride is temporarily discontinued. No further reaction time is needed and the reaction mixture is worked up as in Example 1 above.

1,1,7-trihydroperfluoroheptyl trifiuoromethanesulfonate The following examples illustrate the use of esters of the invention in preparing 1,1-dihydropolyfluoroalkylated compounds.

Example 5 A suitable vessel equipped with mechanical agitator condenser, thermometer, addition tube and drying tube is charged with 3.0 parts (0.05 mole) ethylenediamine, parts by volume of dry benzene and 33.2 parts of 1,1- dihydroperfluorobutyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. The mixture is brought to reflux and 10.1 parts (0.10 mole) of triet-hylamine are added gradually over 2-0 minutes. After refluxing for 1 hour further, the solution has become homogeneous and is then cooled, washed twice with water and the benzene phase is dried. Concentration and dis tillation of the residue provides N,N'-bis-l,l-dihydroperfiuorobutyl-ethylenediamine boiling at 97 to 100 C. at 15 mm. of Hg pressure, n =l.3282.

Analysis.-Calculated for C H F N z 28.4% C; 62.8% F. Found: 28.1% C; 63.2% F.

The following tabulation (Table 1) shows shows other amines and their properties prepared by essentially the above procedure employing the reactants indicated:

TABLE I Compound Amine Ester B.P./mm. n1, M.P

omommnm EtzNH CFsCHzOSOzCFa 89-91/740 1.350s lCa 1CH2 (CH2) 3-12 H2N(CH2)GNH2 C3F7CH2OSO2CF3 7042/20 1. 3619 H(CF2)&CH2NHC4H9(H) C-IHQN Z H(CFz)aCHzOSO2OFa 85-93/8 C'zFmCHnN NH HN NH C7F 5CH2OSOzCF3 72-74 H(CF2)s-(]3H N HN NH monmonlosozom 60-62 L I H(OF2)e-CH2 (C 2)eC zNHCaH1 C3H7NH2 (CF2)sCH OSOzCFa 75-80/10 .3378 H(CFa)ioCHzN(C4HQ)2 (n-C H9)zNH H(CF2)10CH2OSO:CF3 105-10s 0.3 1.3533 -25 [H(CF2)5CH2NHCH2]2 H2NCH2CH2NHz H(CFz)sCH2OSOzCFa 57-58 [H(CF2)6CI'I2NH(CH2)3]2 H2N(CH2)NH2 11(01 2) BCH2OSO2CF3 145-150 20 1. 3579 is obtained as a mobile colorless liquid boiling at 75- Example 6 8 C. at 9 mm. of Hg pressure, n =1.3194.

Analysis.-Calculated for C H F O S: 20.6% 61.5% F. Found: 20.4% C; 61.2% F.

By the same general procedure employing corresponding proportions of 1,1,1l-trihydroperfluoroundecanol, 1, 1,1 l-trihydroperfiuoroundecyl trifluoromethanesulfonate is obtained boiling at 125 to 130 at 10 mm. of Hg pressure. It solidifies and is recrystallized from petroleum ether and then melts at about 56 to 59 C.

The examples above describe methods generally adapted to preparing other esters of the invention employing perfluoroalkane sulfonyl fluorides and chlorides of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, perfluorocycloalkane sulfonyl fluorides and chlorides of 4 to 8 carbon atoms (available as described in US. Patent No. 2,732,398) and 2-hydroperfluoroalkane sulfonyl chlorides prepared from the acids or salts as described by Coflman and Raasch, supra. Thus, when the appropriate sulfonyl halides, preferably fluorides, are reacted with the carbinols indicated, the esters shown below are obtained.

A solution in 50 parts by volume of ethanol containing 8 parts of 1,1-dihydroperfluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate, 7 parts of thiophenol and 2 parts of sodium hydroxide in 20 parts of water is refluxed for 1 hour, poured into water and the oily product extracted with ether. After washing and drying, ether is evaporated to give 1,1-dihydroperfluoroethylphenyl sulfide as a yellowish oil boiling at 83 to 84 at 15 mm. of Hg pressure, n :1.4881.

Analysis.--Oalculated for C H F S: 50.0% C; 29.6% F. Found: 49.7% C; 29.5% F.

By a similar procedure 1,1-dihydroperfiuoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate is reacted with phenol to give 2,2','2'-trifluoroanethole as a liquid with n 1.4376 and boiling at 55 to 58 C. at 10 mm. of Hg pressure.

By following essentially the above procedures 1,1-dihydroperfluoroalkyl ethers of the phenols are prepared using the reactants given in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Ester Phenol Product (1N (3N cmiscuzosozom HO c1risomo CrFraCHzOSOzCFs o-or1 C7F15CH2O-O C3F7CH2OSO2CF3 OH H -OCH2C3F1 mormquzosozcri NOz-OH W O2NOCII2(CFZ)3II $H3 (EH3 H(CFz)2CHzOSOzCF3 lIO-CH3 cm-Q-oormcmm I OH OH 1 Q omisortzosozcm HO(|JOH cnmomo lmeria c113 rucFmcHzosolom HOO 01 12061 mo mncrnoQ-o 01-12mm Example 7 Water, 10 percent aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried and A solution of 3.3 parts of cyclohexanone piperidineeneamine in parts by volume of 1,2-dimethoxyethane is added to 4.68 parts of 1,1,7-trihydroperflu0roheptyl trifluoromethanesulfonate in a suitable vessel and the mixture is refluxed for 4 hours with agitation. To the cooled mixture are added 10 parts by volume of concentrated hydrochloric acid and the mixture is poured on ice and exconcentrated. Distillation of the residue yields 2-(1,1,7- trihydroperfluoroheptyl)cyclohexanone boiling at to C. at 20 mm. of Hg pressure. It forms a 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone melting at 143 to 145 C.

Other eneamines as shown in Table 3 are employed in corresponding proportions with perfiuoroalkanesulfonate esters to provide the indicated novel fluorinated carbonyl tracted With ether. The ethereal solution is washed with 40 compounds.

TABLE 3 Eneamine Ester Product 011,011: OHN(CH3): CF CH2OSO2CF; CFaCHzCHCHO C7F 5CHzOSO2CF3 O N O /CH2C7F15 CFzClOHzOSOzCFs CHzCFzCl (Camphor eneamine) 3,419,595 9 10 Example 8 The reaction constant is calculated to be 4.28 :0.14 10 1 seconds. The half-life of the methanolysis at Diethyl hydrogen phosphite (HOP(OC H 47 parts) reclljwca.

in 200 parts by volume of tetrahydrofuran is reacted 100 C. 18 about 4.4 hours. Other esters of the invention ing about 1 hour with 7.5 parts of sodium metal. The show.redacn%n constants of about the Same of solution is maintained at 25 and during 1 hour further magmm t 107 parts of 1,1-dihydroperfiuorobutyl trifluoromethane- Ester K1 (reciprocal seconds) sulfonate are added gradually: the solution is then re- CFaSOzOCHZCl-r2c}:3 5 fluxed for one hour. Reaction occurs by alkylation of the CF3SO2OCH2CF2CF2CF3 631:0006X10 5 phosphorus atom. The reaction mixture is quenched in CF3SO2OCH2CF2CF2H 0 0 -s water and extracted with benzene. The extract is washed 10 CFaCFzSOzOCHZCFa 7 0 -5 with water, dried, concentrated and the residue distilled.

Diethyl 1,1-dihydroperfluorobutanephosphonate, Y contrast to the flbOVe, lkyl s rs, e.g., methyl 0 trifluoromethanesulfonate, are very readily alcoholized H the reaction in a comparable experiment being substan- CFKCFMCHPHOCHE) l5 tially complete in about 8 minutes at room temperature. boils at about 72 to 72.5 C. at 2.5 mm. of Hg pressure, On the other hand aryl esters, such as phenyl or p-nitron =1.3489. phenyl trifiuoromethanesulfonate or anisyl perfiuorooc- Analysis.Calculated for C H F O P: 30.0% 3.7% tanesulfonate show no appreciable alcoholysis in 24 hours H-F0l-1I1dI29-7% 34% at 96 C. under comparable conditions.

By a similar procedure employing 1,1-dihydroperfiuo- 0 E 1 10 roctyl trifiuoromethanesulfonate, diethyl 1,1-dihydroperxampe fiuorooctanephosphonate is obtained as a liquid having A suitable vessel fitted for stirring and reflux is n =1.3486 boiling at about 91 to 96 C. at 0.35 mm. charged with 46.6 parts (0.20 mole) of 1,1-dihydroperof Hg pressure. Other sulfonate esters and phosphite esters fiuoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate and 32.2 parts react to produce esters of other fluorinated alkanephospho- (0.44 mole) of diethylamine in 100 parts by volume of nates as indicated in Table 4. benzene. After stirring and refluxing for 1 hour a brown- TABLE 4 Sultonate ester Phosphite ester Product dialkyl fluorinated phosphonate C7F 5CHzO SOzCFa HOP(OO4Hu)2 O7F15OH2P(O) (O C4H0): 071 1501320 SOIC2F5 HOP(0C5H5)2. C7F15CH2P (O) (0 06115 The product dialkyl fiuorinated phosphonates are readish oil separates which solidifies on cooling at 0 C. ily hydrolyzed to the corresponding strong acids, convert- It is collected and washed with cold benzene. It is died to salts with, e.g. alkali metals, and to amides. They ethylammonium trifiuoromethanesulfonate. find utility as corrosion inhibitors, surfactants and as addi- The benzene solution and Wash are combined and tives to oils. extracted with 100 parts by volume of 10 percent aque- The following examples further illustrate the use of ous hydrochloric acid. The acid extract is washed with esters of the invention particularly for the production of ether and neutralized with sodium hydroxide. The oily halides, tertiary amines and lower alkyl ethers. These exproduct is extracted in ether and these extracts are dried amples further show the unexpected superiority of the over magnesium sulfate, concentrated carefully and disesters of the invention with regard to reaction rates as tilled through a column. 1,l-dihydroperfluoroethyldicompared to the known alkyl and aryl perfluoroalkaneethylamine is obtained in 84 percent yield as a liquid sulfonates. boiling at 89 to 91 C. at 740 mm. of Hg pressure. Example 9 n =1.3508. The hydrochloride, M.P. 1645 C., is

analyzed.

The rate of methanolysis of esters is determined by Analysis,calculated for C H NF Cl: 37.6% C;

heating a dilute solution, e.g., a .0252 molar solution of 29 7% F F d; 375% C; 293% F 'dihydroperflllofethyl tl'ifluoromethanesulfonate in It will be noted that Brown and Tiers, Journal of methanol, to the desired temperature and titrating aliquots O i Ch i L 22 Page 454 1957 obtained at intervals with standardized sodium hydroxide (to a a h lower yield in the alkylation of piperidine (a bromthymol blue endpoint. From such data first order h stronger base) using h tosylate f 1 1 d integrated rate constants are Calculated- 0 perfluorobutanol and considerably more vogorous con- Thus, the above solution is heated at 100.0 C. in a ii i 6%, 175 C, fo 20 ho r i a l d t b series of ampoules each containing about 6 ml. of the solution. At intervals an ampoule is removed and cooled and i 11 a 5.00 ml. aliquot is removed and tritrated with 0.0266 N The perfluoroalkane sulfon'ate esters of the invention sodium hydroxide. The titers at various times are: are very useful for the production of the l-halides of the polyfluorinated alcohols. The reaction proceeds much Time Tltel more readily than is the case when tosylates are used as 0 described by Tiers, Brown and Reid, Journal of the Amer- 1230 1-085 ican Chemical Society, vol. 75, pages 59789 (1953). 2:12 1-3 70 The procedures described here are exemplary of pro- 2:56 1-72 cedures employing other alkali metal halides as well as 3:49 2-075 other sulfonate esters of the invention. .6211 2-370 A suitable vessel fitted with thermometer, distillation 24 4.595 head and mechanical agitation is charged with 30 parts mm 24 hours at 0., theoretical titer is 4.72 ml. 75 mole) of Sodium iodide n 1 0 p rts by volume of 11 anhydrous acetone. Solution occurs exothermically (to 35) and 23.2 parts (0.1 mole) of 1,1-dihydroperfluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate is then added. The temperature rises further to 50 in minutes and falls to are poured into an excess of water and the organic precipitate is collected and dried under reduced pressure at 50 C. Recrystallization from a mixture of ether and petroleum ether gives 1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl thiocy- 40 over 1.5 hours. The reaction mixture is poured onto 5 anate melting at about 63 to 66 C. ice and the denser organic phase separated, washed Calculated for C I-I F NS: 24.5% C; 64.6% F. with a small amount of aqueous sodium thiosulphate to Found: 24.4% C; 64.6% F. remove an iodine color, dried and distilled. 1,1-dihydro- This novel fluorinated thiocyanate is representative of perfluoroethyl iodide boils at 6061 at atmospheric presthe series of compounds obtained when other of the sure. 10 above described perfluoroalkanesulfonate esters of the In experiments to determine the rate of reaction of formula (R SO OCH Q are used in the above pro- 1,1-dihydroperfluoroethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate with cedure. These thiocyanates are useful intermediates for iodide ion in acetone at 25 C. it is found that the secconversion to 1,1-dihydroperfluoroalkyl sulfur comond order rate constant is about 0149:.003 liter per pounds. mole-second. The rate constant for the reaction of 1,1- Example 14 dihydroperfluoroethyl bromide with iodine ion is extrapolable to comparable conditions from the results of Mc- This example illustrates the preparation of dihydroper- Bee and coworkers, Journal of the American Chemical fluoroalkyl hydrazines. A mixture of 26.6 parts of 1,1- Society, vol. 84, page 3157 (1962), and is found to be dihydroperfluorooctyl trifluoromethanesulfonate from Exslower by about five orders of magnitude, i.e., 100,000 ample 1, 5 parts of 95 percent hydrazine and 75 parts times. by volume of isopropanol is refluxed with stirring for E l 12 3 hours and the reaction mixture poured into water. The solution is extracted with ether. The ethereal extract is The reactivity of the perfluoroalkane sulfonate esters washed with saline solution and dried. Saturation of the of the invention is illustrated by the fact that they readiethereal solution with anhydrous hydrogen chloride prely yield the p-toluenesulfonate and other substituted and cipitates 1,l-dihydroperfluorooctyl hydrazine hydrochlounsubstituted arenesulfonate esters by reaction with alride melting at about 231 to 233 C. The free base, 1,1- kali metal salts of the latter. Thus, 2.0 parts of lithium dihydroperfluorooctyl hydrazine is liberated by 10 perp-toluenesulfonate and 2.0 parts of the 1,1-dihydropercent aqueous sodium hydroxide as an oil which is distilled fluorobutyl trifluoromethanesulfonate of Example 1 are at 7375 C. at 5 mm. Hg pressure. dissolved in 8 parts by volume of dimethylformamide Calculated for C F H N 23.3% C; 69.0% F. Found: and the solution is heated to 120 C. A vigorous reac- 23.2% C; 68.1% F. tion occurs and the reaction mixture is refluxed for a When the above procedure is repeated employing other further 0.5 hour, cooled and poured into cold water. highly fluorinated perfluoroalkane sulfonates, other hydra- The aqueous suspension is extracted with ether, and the zines of the series Q(CH NHNI-I are otbained. Suborganic phase is washed with salt solution, dried over stituted hydrazines such as phenylhydrazine and the like anhydrous magnesium sulfate and concentrated. The reare also suitable in the above procedure giving hydrazines sidual oil is distilled at 65 to 75 at 1 mm. of Hg presof the series Q(CH NHNHR) wherein R is unsubstisure to give 1,1-dihydroperfluorobutyl p-toluenesulfonate tuted or substituted alkyl, aryl, aralkyl and the like.

sulfonate ester Product hydrazine C1F15CH2OSOzCF3 C'lF15CH2NHN(CH9)2 CH2CH2 CaF7CH2O OzCF3 C3F7CHzNH-N N-NHCH1C3F1 GHQ-CH2 C3F7CH2OSO2CzF5 CaF1CHz-NHNHCaH CHg-CH;

C7Fi5CHzOSO2CF3 C7Fr5CHr-NH-N CH:

CHr-Cfin CaF1CH20S02CFa C3F7CHzNH-NHCH:C;;F7 (CF2):4(CH2OSOZCF3)2 (CF3)3(CH2NHNHC$H5) which eventually solidifies and then melts at 28 to 89 C. and is identical to an authentic sample.

Esters of other fluorinated carbinols with arene-sulfonic acids are prepared by the same procedure employing alkali metal salts of the desired substituted or unsubstituted arene-sulfonic acid in the above procedure. This provides a convenient expedient for the modification of dyestuffs containing sulfonic acid groups to introduce at least slight fluorocarbon solubility.

Example 13 This example further illustrates the utility of the invention in reactions with anionic nucleophiles. A mixture of 25 parts of 1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl trifiuoromethanesulfonate of Example 1 and 10 parts of potassium thiocyanate in 80 parts by volume of isopropanol is refluxed for 4 hours. After cooling, the solution and precipitate These hydrazines are useful chemical intermediates.

What is claimed is: 1. A sulfonate ester of the formula:

( f Z Z) mQ 13 2. Perfiuoroalkanesulfonate ester of 1,1 dihydroperfluoroalkanol of the formula:

wherein R, is 1,1dihydroperfiuoroalkyl of 2 to 18 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 1 to 8.

3. Perfluoroalkanesulfonate ester of 1,1-w-trihydroperfiuoroalkanol of the formula:

- F(CF SO OR;

wherein R is 1,l-w-trihydroperfiuoroalkyi of an even number of carbon atoms from 2 to 18 and h is an integer from 1 to 8.

1 4 References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,346,612 10/1967 Hansen 260-456 2,732,398 1/1956 Brice et a1 260456 X CHARLES B. PARKER, Primary Examiner. L. C. MARUZO, Assistant Examiner.

US. Cl. X.R.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION Patent No. 3,419,595 December 31, 1968 Robert L. Hansen It is certified that error appears in the above identified patent and that said Letters Patent are hereby corrected as shown below:

Column 4, line 60, "1.2038" should read 1.3028 Column 6, 4, "cc F 5, FSCHZOH should read CF CH OH Column 11, line 59, "89" should read 29 Column 12, line 75, "1 oxygen atom, and m is an integer from 1 to 2. should read 1 oxygen atom, (g) perfluoroalkylene of l to 10 carbon atoms and m is an integer from 1 to Signed and sealed this 17th day of March 1970.

(SEAL) Attest:

Edward M. Fletcher, Jr. WILLIAM E. SCHUYLER, JR.

Attesting Officer Commissioner of Patents 

